\documentstyle[czech,12pt,a4,eltex,bezier]{article}
\begin{document}
\title{El\TeX , makro pro kreslen� elektrotechnick�ch sch�mat}
\author{Libor Gajdo��k \thanks{V�B-Technick� univerzita Ostrava}
\\ libor.gajdosik@vsb.cz}
\maketitle

\tableofcontents
\section{�vod.}
Makro \uv{eltex.sty} slou�� k vytv��en� jednoduch�ch elektrotechnick�ch
sch�mat v \LaTeX u. Makro je ur�eno hlavn� pro pou�it� v odborn�ch
�l�nc�ch, skriptech apod.
 Sch�mata se kresl� u�it�m posloupnosti speci�ln�ch
p��kaz� v prost�ed� \verb?\picture?. P��kazy, kter�mi se kresl�
sch�matick� zna�ky jsou odvozeny od z�kladn�ch p��kaz� \LaTeX u z
prost�ed� \verb?\picture?.

\section{Instalace a z�kladn� obsluha.}
Do adres��e kde jsou soubory
\verb?*.sty? zpravidla
je to TEXINPUT se nahraje soubor \verb?eltex.sty?. V n�m jsou definice
v�ech pot�ebn�ch p��kaz� pro kreslen�. Je zde definov�na i z�kladn�
rozm�rov� jednotka \verb?\unitlength=1mm?. Textov� popisy u sou��stek
jsou po��t�ny na p�smo 12pt. Pokud je pot�eba m�nit rozm�ry nakreslen�ho
sch�matu je to mo�no snadno prov�st za�azen�m nov�ho p��kazu
\verb?\unitlength? s uveden�m jin�ho rozm�ru. Tomu je pak nutno
p�izp�sobit i velikost p�sma.
P�i pou�it� tohoto makra je t�eba tak� na�ist i makro
\verb?\bezier.sty?, kter� je rovn� pou�it� pro n�kter� sou��stky.
Proto�e ka�d� vykreslovan� objekt je v \verb?picture? um�st�n pomoc�
sou�adnic, je zde pro usnadn�n� orientace v obr�zku mo�no vykreslit
rastr, kter� vytvo�� �vere�ky 10 x10 mm. Rastr se generuje p��kazem
\verb?\grid{p1}{p2}?. Parametr p1 je x ov� rozm�r obr�zku v cm, a p2 je
y ov� rozm�r v cm (plat� pouze cel� ��sla). Po dokon�en� pr�ce s
obr�zkem lze tento p��kaz vymazat. Pro maxim�ln� usnadn�n� pr�ce p�i
tvorb� obr�zku jsou z�kladn� rozm�ry sou��stek voleny tak, aby jejich
rozm�ry v�etn� v�vod� byly cel� (kulat�) ��sla (n�vaznost na sebe je
toti� nutno zajistit p�epo�tem). Rozm�ry objekt� a sou�adnice jejich
referen�n�ch bod� jsou v milimetrech. Referen�n� bod je zpravidla po��tek
v�vodu sou��stky. Tento bod je tomto dokumentu u sou��stek ozna�en
�ernou te�kou 1mm.

Program pro kreslen� obsahuje takov�to p��kazy:
\begin{verbatim}
\documentstyle[12pt,eltex,bezier]{article}
\begin{document}
      .
      .
\begin{picture}(100,80)(0,0)  %obr. 100 x 80 mm
\grid{10}{8}    %rastr 10 x 8 cm
      .
\put(10,20){\hwire{50}}   %na pozici 10,20 [mm] bude vodorovn� vodi�
      .                   %d�lky 50 mm
      .
      .
\end{document}
\end{verbatim}

Sou��st� p��kazu pro vykreslen� sou��stky je tak� mo�nost zadat jej�
popis a hodnotu, kter� se um�st� na ur�it� m�sto (to je pevn� ur�eno
definic� makra). P�i kreslen� sch�mat je velk� variabilita rozm�st�n�
sou��stek a pokud nevyhovuje rozm�st�n� popis�, nechaj� se p��slu�n�
parametry bez hodnot a um�st�n� popis� lze prov�st standartn�m p��kazem
\verb?\makebox? nebo je mo�no vyu��t v eltexu nadefinovan� p�ikazy
\verb?\vlabel  a  \hlabel?.

\bf P��kazy pro \uv{ru�n�} um�st�n� popis�. \rm
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� popis
      \begin{verbatim}
       \hlabel{p1}{p2}
      \end{verbatim}
p1 - text (ozna�en� sou��stky),
p2 - text (hodnota sou��stky) oba texty budou um�st�ny vedle sebe
odd�leny mezerou viz obr.~\ref{pop}~a).
\item vertik�ln� popis
\begin{verbatim}
       \vlabel{p1}{p2}
      \end{verbatim}
p1 - text (ozna�en� sou��stky),
p2 - text (hodnota sou��stky) oba texty budou um�st�ny pod sebou
odd�leny mezerou viz obr.~\ref{pop}~b).
\end{itemize}
Pou�it� p��kaz� nap�. vypad� takto
\begin{verbatim}
\put(0,10){\hrez{$R_{11}$}{10k}{0}}  %vyu�it� automatick�ho popisu
\put(0,20){\vrez{$R_{11}$}{10k}{0}}
%%%%%%%%%%%
\put(0,10){\hrez{}{}{0}}  %vyu�it� popsan�ch p��kaz�
\put(10,15){\hlabel{$R_{11}$}{10k}}
\put(0,20){\vrez{}{}{0}}
\put(0,15){\vlabel{$R_{11}$}{10k}}
\end{verbatim}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,50)(0,0)
\put(0,10){\hrez{$R_{11}$}{10k}{0}}
\put(10,20){\vrez{$R_{11}$}{10k}{0}}
\put(10,45){\makebox(6,6){a)}}
%%%%%%%%%%%
\put(50,10){\hrez{}{}{0}}
\put(60,15){\hlabel{$R_{11}$}{10k}}
\put(80,20){\vrez{}{}{0}}
\put(85,35){\vlabel{$R_{11}$}{10k}}
\put(70,45){\makebox(6,6){b)}}
\end{picture}
\caption{Popisy sou��stek} \label{pop}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\clearpage

\section{Z�kladn� pasivn� sou��stky a symboly.}
\bf Rezistory \rm
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� 30mm d�lka
      \begin{verbatim}
       \hrez{p1}{p2}{p3}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - text (ozna�en� sou��stky)
              \item p2 - text (hodnota sou��stky)
              \item p3 - ��slo (k�d) 0 a� 6 viz obr.~\ref{odp1}.
              \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
P��kaz nap�. vypad� takto
\begin{verbatim}
\put(0,90){\hrez{R}{10k}{0}}
\end{verbatim}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,80)(0,0)
\put(0,90){\hrez{R}{10k}{0}}
\put(0,90){\node}
\put(0,80){\makebox(15,6){p3=0}}
\put(0,60){\hrez{R}{10k}{1}}
\put(0,60){\node}
\put(0,50){\makebox(15,6){p3=1}}
\put(0,30){\hrez{R}{10k}{2}}
\put(0,30){\node}
\put(0,20){\makebox(15,6){p3=2}}
\put(60,30){\hrez{R}{10k}{3}}
\put(60,30){\node}
\put(60,20){\makebox(15,6){p3=3}}
\put(60,60){\hrez{R}{10k}{4}}
\put(60,60){\node}
\put(60,50){\makebox(15,6){p3=4}}
\put(60,90){\hrez{R}{10k}{5}}
\put(60,90){\node}
\put(60,80){\makebox(15,6){p3=5}}
\put(30,70){\hrez{R}{10k}{6}}
\put(30,70){\node}
\put(30,60){\makebox(15,6){p3=6}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Rezistory v horizont�ln� poloze}
\label{odp1}
\end{figure}

\clearpage

\begin{itemize}
\item vertik�ln� 30mm v��ka
      \begin{verbatim}
       \vrez{p1}{p2}{p3}
      \end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}
kde parametry p1 a� p3 maj� stejn� v�znam jako u rezistoru v
horizont�ln� poloze. Hodnoty parametru p3 viz obr.~\ref{odp2}.

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,70)(0,0)
\put(0,0){\vrez{R}{10k}{0}}
\put(0,0){\node}
\put(0,0){\makebox(15,6){p3=0}}
\put(0,40){\vrez{R}{10k}{1}}
\put(0,40){\node}
\put(0,40){\makebox(15,6){p3=1}}
\put(20,0){\vrez{R}{10k}{2}}
\put(20,0){\node}
\put(20,0){\makebox(15,6){p3=2}}
\put(20,40){\vrez{R}{10k}{3}}
\put(20,40){\node}
\put(20,40){\makebox(15,6){p3=3}}
\put(40,0){\vrez{R}{10k}{4}}
\put(40,0){\node}
\put(40,0){\makebox(15,6){p3=4}}
\put(40,40){\vrez{R}{10k}{5}}
\put(40,40){\node}
\put(40,40){\makebox(15,6){p3=5}}
\put(60,20){\vrez{R}{10k}{6}}
\put(60,20){\node}
\put(60,20){\makebox(15,6){p3=6}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Rezistory ve vertik�ln� poloze}
\label{odp2}
\end{figure}


\clearpage

\begin{itemize}
\item diagon�ln� 20mm x 20mm ve �verci
      \begin{verbatim}
       \drez{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametry p1 a� p4 maj� v�znam:
\begin{itemize}
  \item p1 - v�b�r diagon�ly D = doln� (sou��stka kreslena od
  po��te�n�ho bodu sm�rem vpravo dol�) U = horn� (sou��stka kreslena
  od  po��te�n�ho bodu sm�rem vpravo nahoru)
  \item p2 - text (ozna�en� sou��stky)
  \item p3 - text (hodnota sou��stky)
  \item p4 - k�d (��slo 0 a� 6) v�znam viz obr.~\ref{odp3}.
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
P��kaz nap�. vypad� takto
\begin{verbatim}
\put(0,90){\drez{U}{R}{10k}{1}}
\end{verbatim}



\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,90)(0,0)
\put(0,90){\drez{D}{R}{10k}{0}}
\put(0,90){\node}
\put(0,90){\makebox(15,6){p4=0}}
\put(0,50){\drez{D}{R}{10k}{1}}
\put(0,50){\node}
\put(0,50){\makebox(15,6){p4=1}}
\put(0,20){\drez{D}{R}{10k}{2}}
\put(0,20){\node}
\put(0,20){\makebox(15,6){p4=2}}
\put(60,90){\drez{D}{R}{10k}{3}}
\put(60,90){\node}
\put(60,90){\makebox(15,6){p4=3}}
\put(60,50){\drez{D}{R}{10k}{4}}
\put(60,50){\node}
\put(60,50){\makebox(15,6){p4=4}}
\put(60,20){\drez{D}{R}{10k}{5}}
\put(60,20){\node}
\put(60,20){\makebox(15,6){p4=5}}
\put(30,70){\drez{D}{R}{10k}{6}}
\put(30,70){\node}
\put(30,70){\makebox(15,6){p4=6}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Rezistory v diagon�ln� poloze}
\label{odp3}
\end{figure}

\clearpage


\bf Kondenz�tory \rm
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� 30mm d�lka
      \begin{verbatim}
       \hcap{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - text (ozna�en� sou��stky)
              \item p2 - text (hodnota sou��stky)
              \item p3 - ��slo (k�d) 0, 1, 4 viz obr.~\ref{kon1}.
              \item p4 - poloha + v�vodu u elektrolytick�ch kondenz�tor�
              L = vlevo, R = vpravo
              \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
P��kaz nap�. vypad� takto
\begin{verbatim}
\put(0,90){\hcap{C}{10k}{0}(L}
\end{verbatim}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,80)(0,0)
\put(30,10){\hcap{C}{10k}{0}{}}
\put(30,10){\node}
\put(30,0){\makebox(15,6){p3=0}}
\put(0,60){\hcap{C}{10k}{1}{}}
\put(0,60){\node}
\put(0,50){\makebox(15,6){p3=1}}
\put(0,30){\hcap{C}{10k}{4}{}}
\put(0,30){\node}
\put(0,20){\makebox(15,6){p3=4}}
\put(60,30){\hcap{C}{10k}{0}{L}}
\put(60,30){\node}
\put(60,20){\makebox(15,6){p4=L}}
\put(60,60){\hcap{C}{10k}{0}{R}}
\put(60,60){\node}
\put(60,50){\makebox(15,6){p4=R}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Kondenz�tory v horizont�ln� poloze}
\label{kon1}
\end{figure}

\clearpage

\begin{itemize}
\item vertik�ln� 30mm v��ka
      \begin{verbatim}
       \vcap{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
      \end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}
kde parametry p1 a� p3 maj� stejn� v�znam jako u kondenz�toru v
horizont�ln� poloze. Hodnoty parametru p3 viz obr.~\ref{kon2}.
Paramer p4 ud�v� op�t polohu + v�vodu u elektrolytick�ch kondenz�tor�.
U = horn�, D = doln�
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(60,70)(0,0)
\put(0,0){\vcap{C}{10k}{0}{}}
\put(0,0){\node}
\put(0,0){\makebox(15,6){p3=0}}
\put(0,40){\vcap{C}{10k}{1}{}}
\put(0,40){\node}
\put(0,40){\makebox(15,6){p3=1}}
\put(20,0){\vcap{C}{10k}{4}{}}
\put(20,0){\node}
\put(20,0){\makebox(15,6){p3=4}}
\put(20,40){\vcap{C}{10k}{0}{U}}
\put(20,40){\node}
\put(20,40){\makebox(15,6){p4=U}}
\put(40,0){\vcap{C}{10k}{0}{D}}
\put(40,0){\node}
\put(40,0){\makebox(15,6){p4=D}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Kondenz�tory ve vertik�ln� poloze}
\label{kon2}
\end{figure}

\clearpage


\begin{itemize}
\item diagon�ln� 20mm x 20mm ve �verci
      \begin{verbatim}
       \dcap{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}{p5}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametry p1 a� p5 maj� v�znam:
\begin{itemize}
  \item p1 - v�b�r diagon�ly D = doln� (sou��stka kreslena od
  po��te�n�ho bodu sm�rem vpravo dol�) U = horn� (sou��stka kreslena
  od  po��te�n�ho bodu sm�rem vpravo nahoru)
  \item p2 - text (ozna�en� sou��stky)
  \item p3 - text (hodnota sou��stky)
  \item p4 - k�d (��slo 0, 1, 4) v�znam viz obr.~\ref{kon3}.
  \item p5 - poloha + v�vodu u elektrolytick�ch kondenz�tor�
  D = doln�, U = horn�
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
P��kaz nap�. vypad� takto
\begin{verbatim}
\put(0,90){\dcap{U}{C}{10k}{0}{D}}
\end{verbatim}



\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,60)(0,0)
\put(0,60){\dcap{D}{C}{10k}{0}{}}
\put(0,60){\node}
\put(0,60){\makebox(15,6){p4=0}}
\put(0,20){\dcap{D}{C}{10k}{1}{}}
\put(0,20){\node}
\put(0,20){\makebox(15,6){p4=1}}
\put(30,40){\dcap{D}{C}{10k}{4}{}}
\put(30,40){\node}
\put(30,40){\makebox(15,6){p4=4}}
\put(60,60){\dcap{D}{C}{10k}{0}{U}}
\put(60,60){\node}
\put(60,60){\makebox(15,6){p5=U}}
\put(60,20){\dcap{D}{C}{10k}{0}{D}}
\put(60,20){\node}
\put(60,20){\makebox(15,6){p5=D}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Kondenz�tory v diagon�ln� poloze}
\label{kon3}
\end{figure}

\clearpage


\bf Induk�nosti \rm
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� 30mm d�lka
      \begin{verbatim}
       \hind{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - zn�zorn�n� z�vit� - U - oblouky nahoru
              D - oblouky dol�
              \item p2 - text (ozna�en� sou��stky)
              \item p3 - text (hodnota sou��stky)
              \item p4 - ��slo (k�d) 0, 1, viz obr.~\ref{ind1}
             \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
P��kaz nap�. vypad� takto
\begin{verbatim}
\put(0,90){\hind{U}{L}{1H}{0}
\end{verbatim}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(90,50)(0,0)
\put(60,40){\hind{U}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(60,40){\node}
\put(60,25){\makebox(15,6){p3=0}}
\put(0,40){\hind{U}{L}{1H}{1}}
\put(0,40){\node}
\put(0,25){\makebox(15,6){p3=1}}
\put(0,10){\hind{U}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(0,10){\node}
\put(0,-5){\makebox(15,6){p1=U}}
\put(60,10){\hind{D}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(60,10){\node}
\put(60,-5){\makebox(15,6){p1=D}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Induk�nosti v horizont�ln� poloze}
\label{ind1}
\end{figure}

\clearpage

\begin{itemize}
\item vertik�ln� 30mm v��ka
      \begin{verbatim}
       \vind{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
      \end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}
kde parametry p2 a� p4 maj� stejn� v�znam jako u induk�nosti v
horizont�ln� poloze. Hodnoty parametru p3 viz obr.~\ref{ind2}.
Paramer p1 ud�v� op�t polohu zn�zorn�n�ch z�vit�.
L = oblouky vlevo, R = oblouky vpravo.
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(40,70)(0,0)
\put(0,0){\vind{R}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(0,0){\node}
\put(0,0){\makebox(15,6){p3=0}}
\put(0,40){\vind{R}{L}{1H}{1}}
\put(0,40){\node}
\put(0,40){\makebox(15,6){p3=1}}
\put(20,0){\vind{R}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(20,0){\node}
\put(20,0){\makebox(15,6){p1=R}}
\put(20,40){\vind{L}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(20,40){\node}
\put(20,40){\makebox(15,6){p1=L}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Induk�nosti ve vertik�ln� poloze}
\label{ind2}
\end{figure}

\clearpage


\begin{itemize}
\item diagon�ln� 20mm x 20mm ve �verci
      \begin{verbatim}
       \dind{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}{p5}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametry p1 a� p5 maj� v�znam:
\begin{itemize}
  \item p1 - v�b�r diagon�ly D = doln� (sou��stka kreslena od
  po��te�n�ho bodu sm�rem vpravo dol�) U = horn� (sou��stka kreslena
  od  po��te�n�ho bodu sm�rem vpravo nahoru)
  \item p2 - zn�zorn�n� z�vit�, L - oblouky vlevo, R - oblouky vpravo
  \item p3 - text (ozna�en� sou��stky)
  \item p4 - text (hodnota sou��stky)
  \item p5 - k�d (��slo 0, 1) v�znam viz obr.~\ref{ind3}.
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
P��kaz nap�. vypad� takto
\begin{verbatim}
\put(0,90){\dind{D}{R}{L}{1H}{0}}
\end{verbatim}



\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(50,60)(0,0)
\put(0,60){\dind{D}{R}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(0,60){\node}
\put(0,60){\makebox(15,6){p4=0}}
\put(0,20){\dind{D}{R}{L}{1H}{1}}
\put(0,20){\node}
\put(0,20){\makebox(15,6){p4=1}}
\put(30,20){\dind{D}{R}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(30,20){\node}
\put(30,20){\makebox(15,6){p1=U}}
\put(30,60){\dind{D}{R}{L}{1H}{0}}
\put(30,60){\node}
\put(30,60){\makebox(15,6){p1=D}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Induk�nosti v diagon�ln� poloze}
\label{ind3}
\end{figure}

\clearpage


\bf Orienta�n� �ipky \rm  \\
Slou�� pro ozna�en� sm�r� proud� a nap�t�.
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln�  d�lka 10mm
      \begin{verbatim}
       \harrow{p1}{p2}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - orientace - R - vpravo
              L - vlevo
              \item p2 - text
             \end{itemize}
      \item vertik�ln�  v��ka 10mm
      \begin{verbatim}
       \varrow{p1}{p2}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - orientace - U - nahoru
              D - dolu
              \item p2 - text
             \end{itemize}
      \item diagon�ln�  uhlop���ka ve �verci 10mm x 10mm
      \begin{verbatim}
       \darrow{p1}{p2}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - orientace - 1 prvn� kvadrant
              2 - druh� kvadrant, 3 - tret� kvadrant,
              4 - �tvrt� kvadrant
              \item p2 - text
             \end{itemize}
       \item proudov� smy�ka (kruhov� oblouk d=15mm)
      \begin{verbatim}
       \cloop{p1}{p2}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - orientace - L - vlevo, R - vpravo
              \item p2 - text ozna�en� smy�ky
             \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\bf Nap�jec� zdroje  \rm \\
Nap�ov� zdroje
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln�  d�lka 30mm
      \begin{verbatim}
       \hsourcev{p1}{p2}{p3}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - orientace nap�t� - R - vpravo
              L - vlevo
              \item p2 - text (ozna�en� zdroje)
              \item p3 - text (hodnota veli�iny)
             \end{itemize}
      \item vertik�ln�  v��ka 30mm
      \begin{verbatim}
       \vsourcev{p1}{p2}{p3}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - orientace nap�t� - U - nahoru
              D - dolu
              \item p2 - text (ozna�en� zdroje)
              \item p3 - text (hodnota veli�iny)
             \end{itemize}
      \item diagon�ln�  uhlop���ka ve �verci 30mm x 30mm
      \begin{verbatim}
       \dsourcev{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
      \end{verbatim}
kde parametr \begin{itemize}
              \item p1 - orientace (v�b�r diagon�ly) U - vpravo nahoru,
              D - vpravo dol�
              \item p2 - orientace �ipky U - vpravo nahoru, D - vpravo
              dol�
              \item p3 - text (ozna�en� zdroje)
              \item p4 - text (hodnota veli�iny)
             \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

Proudov� zdroje
\begin{verbatim}
  horizont�ln� \hsourcec{p1}{p2}{p3}
  vertik�ln�   \vsourcec{p1}{p2}{p3}
  diagon�ln�   \dsourcec{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
\end{verbatim}
V�znam parametr� je stejn� jako u nap�ov�ch zdroj�.



\clearpage


\bf M��ic� p��stroje \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
  \item horizont�ln� (d�lka 30mm)
    \begin{verbatim}
      \hmeasure{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 je text, zkratka p��stroje nap�. V, A apod.
  \item vertik�ln� (v��ka 30mm)
    \begin{verbatim}
      \vmeasure{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
  \item diagon�ln� (uhlop���ka �verce 30mm x 30mm)
     \begin{verbatim}
      \dmeasure{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
    \begin{itemize}
     \item  p1 je orientace (v�b�r diagon�ly) D - vpravo dol�,
     U - vpravo nahoru
     \item  p2 je text, zkratka p��stroje nap�. V, A apod.
    \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\bf Propojovac� vodi�e \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
  \item horizont�ln�
    \begin{verbatim}
      \hwire{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 je ��slo, ud�v� d�lku v mm (bez ud�n� mm), vykresl� ��ru
 od dan�ho bodu sm�rem doprava.
  \item vertik�ln�
    \begin{verbatim}
      \vwire{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
    parametr p1 je ��slo, ud�v� d�lku v mm (bez ud�n� mm), vykresl� ��ru
 od dan�ho bodu sm�rem nahoru.

\clearpage

  \item diagon�ln�
     \begin{verbatim}
      \dwire{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
    \begin{itemize}
     \item  p1 je orientace (v�b�r diagon�ly) D - vpravo dol�,
     U - vpravo nahoru
     \item  p2 je ��slo, ud�v� d�lku ��ry
    \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\bf Svorka \rm \\
    \begin{verbatim}
      \pin{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je text pro ozna�en� svorky


\bf Propojen� vodi�� (uzel) \rm \\
    \begin{verbatim}
      \node
    \end{verbatim}
vykresl� te�ku o pr�m�ru asi 1,5mm

\bf Sp�na�e jednop�lov� (sp�nac� kontakt) \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
  \item horizont�ln� (d�lka 10mm)
    \begin{verbatim}
      \hswitch{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 je k�d 1 = sepnuto, 0 = vypnuto \\
 parametr p2 je text (ozna�en� sp�na�e)
  \item vertik�ln� (v��ka 10mm)
    \begin{verbatim}
      \vswitch{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
  stejn� v�znam parametr� jako u horizont�ln�ho sp�na�e
\end{itemize}

\clearpage


\bf P�ep�na�e dvoupolohov� (p�ep�nac� kontakt) \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
  \item horizont�ln� (d�lka 10mm)
    \begin{verbatim}
      \hoverswitch{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 je k�d  U = sepnut� horn� kontakt, D = sepnut� doln�
 kontakt \\
 parametr p2 je orientace p�ep�nac�ch kontakt�  L = vlevo, R = vpravo \\
 parametr p3 je text (ozna�en� p�ep�na�e)
  \item vertik�ln� (v��ka 10mm)
    \begin{verbatim}
      \voverswitch{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 je k�d R = sepnut� prav� kontakt, L = sepnut� lev� kontakt
 \\
 parametr p2 je orientace p�ep�nac�ch kontakt�  U = nahoru, D = dol� \\
 parametr p3 je text (ozna�en� p�ep�na�e)
\end{itemize}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,50)(0,0)
\put(0,10){\hmeasure{mA}}
\put(0,10){\node}
\put(0,40){\hsourcev{L}{$U_{1}$}{3 V}}
\put(0,40){\node}
\put(30,20){\hsourcec{R}{I}{1 mA}}
\put(30,20){\node}
\put(40,40){\hswitch{0}{$S_{2}$}}
\put(40,40){\node}
\put(70,40){\vswitch{1}{$S_{2}$}}
\put(70,40){\node}
\put(90,40){\hoverswitch{U}{L}{S}}
\put(90,40){\node}
\put(70,10){\voverswitch{R}{U}{$S_{3}$}}
\put(70,10){\node}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Zdroje, sp�na�e, m��ic� p��stroje}
\end{figure}

\clearpage

\bf J�dra c�vek \rm \\

\begin{itemize}
  \item horizont�ln� poloha
    \begin{verbatim}
      \hcore{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 je d�lka, kter� se m� vykreslit v mm (bez jednotek d�lky)
 \\
 parametr p2 je typ materi�lu j�dra F je ferrit, I je �elezo \\
  \item vertik�ln� poloha
    \begin{verbatim}
      \vcore{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 i p2 m� stejn� v�znam jako u j�dra v horizont�ln� poloze
 \\
  \item diagon�ln� poloha
    \begin{verbatim}
      \dcore{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 je v�b�r diagon�ly pro kreslen�. U je vpravo nahoru, D je
 vpravo dol� \\
 parametr p2 je d�lka, kter� se m� vykreslit v mm (bez jednotek d�lky)
 \\
 parametr p3 je typ materi�lu j�dra F je ferrit, I je �elezo \\
\end{itemize}

\bf Symboly pro ozna�en� orientace vz�jemn�ch vazeb u c�vek \rm \\
    \begin{verbatim}
      \simb{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
 parametr p1 je ��slo ozna�uj�c� symbol, kter� se vykresl� 1 = te�ka, 2
 = �tvere�ek, 3 = troj�heln�k


\bf Spojen� na kostru \rm \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \chassis
    \end{verbatim}

\bf Uzem�n� \rm \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \earth
    \end{verbatim}

\bf ��rovka \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha (d�lka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hbulb{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je text (ozna�en� ��rovky) \\
parametr p2 je text (hodnota nap�t� apod.) \\
\item vertik�ln� poloha (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vbulb{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je text (ozna�en� ��rovky) \\
parametr p2 je text (hodnota nap�t� apod.) \\
\item diagon�ln� poloha (diagon�la ve �verci 30mm x 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \dbulb{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je v�b�r diagon�ly, D je vpravo dol�, U je vpravo nahoru \\
parametr p2 je text (ozna�en� ��rovky) \\
parametr p3 je text (hodnota nap�t� apod.) \\
\end {itemize}


\clearpage


N�sleduj�c� p��kazy maj� pouze dva parametry s n�sleduj�c�m v�znamem \\
parametr p1 je text (ozna�en� objek�) \\
parametr p2 je text (hodnota nap�t� apod.) \\


\bf V�bojka \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha (d�lka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hdlamp{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}

\item vertik�ln� poloha (v��ka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vdlamp{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\bf Z��ivka \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha (d�lka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hflamp{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\item vertik�ln� poloha (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vflamp{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\bf Zvonek \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha (d�lka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \bell{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}

\clearpage


\bf Bzu��k \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha (d�lka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \buzzer{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\end{itemize}



\bf Doutnavka \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha (d�lka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hglow{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\item vertik�ln� poloha (v��ka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vglow{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\bf Pojistka \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha (d�lka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hfuse{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\item vertik�ln� poloha (v��ka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vfuse{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\bf Krystalov� rezon�tor \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha (d�lka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hcrystal{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\item vertik�ln� poloha (v��ka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vcrystal{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\clearpage

\bf Dal�� zna�ky \\
Rel�  \rm ( v��ka 20mm)\\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \relay{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
kde parametr p1 je typ rel�, bez par. je obecn� zna�ka, A = rel� na
st��dav� proud, B = se zpo�d�n�m p��tahem, C = s pomal�m odpadem, P =
polarizovan� rel�, M = po��tac� rel� \\
parametr p2 je text (ozna�en� rel�) \\
parametr p3 je text (��slo ozna�uj�c� odpor vinut� v Ohmech pokud je
zn�m)\\

\bf Jisk�i�t� \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (d�lka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hgap{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je text (nap�. nap�t� kV)
\item vertik�ln� poloha    (v��ka 20mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vgap{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\bf Magnetofonov� hlava \rm (v��ka 30mm) \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \mghead{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je typ hlavy R = z�znamov�, P = p�ehr�vac�, C = kombinovan�,
E = mazac� \\
parametr p2 je text (ozna�en� hlavy) \\

\clearpage

\bf Gramofonov� p�enoska \rm (v��ka 30mm) \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \pickup{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je typ  D = dynamick�, C = krystalov�, bez par. = obecn� zna�ka \\
parametry p2 a p3 je text (ozna�en� hlavy) \\

\bf Sluch�tko \rm (v��ka 20mm) \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \earphone{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je orientace sluch�tka L = vlevo, R = vpravo \\
parametr p2 je typ  D = dynamick�, C = krystalov�, bez par. = obecn�
zna�ka \\
parametr p3 je text (ozna�en� sluch�tka) \\
parametr p4 je text (nap�. odpor sluch�tka) \\

\bf Reproduktor \rm (v��ka 20mm) \\
v��ka 30mm \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \loudspeaker{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je orientace reproduktoru L = vlevo, R = vpravo \\
parametr p2 je text (ozna�en� reproduktoru) \\
parametr p3 je text (nap�. odpor ) \\

\bf Mikrofon \rm (v��ka 20mm) \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \microphone{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je orientace mikrofonu L = vlevo, R = vpravo, bez par, =
obecn� zna�ka \\
parametr p2 je typ  D = dynamick�, C = krystalov� \\
parametr p3 je text (ozna�en� reproduktoru) \\
parametr p4 je text (nap�. odpor ) \\

\clearpage

\bf Ant�na \rm \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \antenna{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je typ G = obecn� zna�ka, D = dip�l, F = skl�dan� dip�l  \\

\bf Motor \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha    (kruh 10mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hengine{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je typ motoru A = na st��dav� proud, D = na stejnosm�rn�
proud
\item vertik�ln� poloha
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vengine{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\bf Gener�tor \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (kruh 10 mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hgenerator{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je typ gener�toru A = na st��dav� proud, D = na stejnosm�rn�
proud
\item vertik�ln� poloha
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vgenerator{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\clearpage

\bf Transform�tor \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (d�lka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \htrfo{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d Y = transform�tor s j�drem, N = bez j�dra \\
parametr p2 je typ j�dra F = ferrit, I = �elezo \\
parametr p3 je k�d 0 = nelad�n� transform�tor, 1 = laditeln� \\
\item vertik�ln� poloha  (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vtrafo{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
\end {itemize}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,150)(0,0)
\put(10,0){\vtrafo{Y}{I}{0}}
\put(10,0){\node}
\put(50,0){\mghead{P}{}}
\put(50,0){\node}
\put(70,0){\pickup{}{}{}}
\put(70,0){\node}
\put(90,0){\microphone{R}{}{}{}}
\put(90,0){\node}
\put(10,40){\earphone{R}{}{}{}}
\put(10,40){\node}
\put(40,40){\loudspeaker{L}{}{8 $\Omega$}}
\put(40,40){\node}
\put(60,40){\hcrystal{X}{1 MHz}}
\put(60,40){\node}
\put(80,70){\relay{}{$A_{1}$}{1000}}
\put(80,70){\node}
\put(0,100){\vgap{}}
\put(0,100){\node}
\put(40,70){\earth}
\put(40,70){\node}
\put(60,70){\chassis}
\put(60,70){\node}
\put(90,70){\antenna{}}
\put(90,70){\node}
\put(0,70){\bell{}{}}
\put(0,70){\node}
\put(10,100){\hgenerator{D}}
\put(10,100){\node}
\put(40,110){\hfuse{}{}}
\put(40,110){\node}
\put(80,100){\hbulb{Z}{6 V}}
\put(80,100){\node}
\put(10,130){\hdlamp{}{}}
\put(10,130){\node}
\put(40,130){\hflamp{}{}}
\put(40,130){\node}
\put(80,130){\hglow{}{}}
\put(80,130){\node}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Dal�� z�kladn� zna�ky}
\end{figure}

\clearpage

\section{Polovodi�e.}

\bf Fotoodpor \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (d�lka 30 mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hphotorez{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky), p2 je text (hodnota) \\
\item vertik�ln� poloha  (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vphotorez{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
\item diagon�ln�ln� poloha  (uhlop���ka 30mm x 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \dphotorez{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je v�b�r diagon�ly D = vpravo dol�, U = vpravo nahoru, p2,
p3 jako u horiz. a vert. polohy \\
\end {itemize}

\bf Varistor, Termistor \rm \\
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (d�lka 30 mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hvarrez{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky), p2 je text (hodnota),
p3 je text (zkratka pro ��d�c� veli�inu nap�. U nebo  $\vartheta$ \\
\item vertik�ln� poloha  (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vvarrez{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}

\clearpage

\item diagon�ln�ln� poloha  (uhlop���ka 30mm x 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \dvarrez{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je v�b�r diagon�ly D = vpravo dol�, U = vpravo nahoru, p2,
p3 p4 jako u horiz. a vert. polohy \\
\end {itemize}


\bf Diody \rm
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (d�lka 30 mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hdiod{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu katody L = vlevo, R = vpravo \\
p2 je k�d, ozna�uje typ diody. R = usm�r�ovac�, C = varikap, Z =
Zenerova, E = tunelov� (Esakiho), S = Shottkyho, L = sv�tiv� (LED), P =
fotodioda \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� diody) \\
p4 je text (ozna�en� typu diody) \\
\item vertik�ln� poloha  (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vdiode{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu katody U = nahoru, D = dol� \\
ostatn� parametry maj� stejn� v�znam jako u horizont�ln� polohy
\item diagon�ln�ln� poloha  (uhlop���ka 30mm x 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \ddiode{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je v�b�r diagon�ly D = vpravo dol�, U = vpravo nahoru, p2,
p2 je poloha katody D = dol�, U = nahoru\\
p3 je text ((ozna�en� diody) \\
p4 je text (ozna�en� typu diody) \\
\end {itemize}


\clearpage

\bf Graetz�v m�stek \rm
   \begin{verbatim}
      \graetz{p1}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu kladn�ho p�lu L = vlevo, R = vpravo \\

\bf Diak \rm
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (d�lka 30 mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hdiac{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� typu) \\
\item vertik�ln� poloha  (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vdiac{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametry p1 p2
maj� stejn� v�znam jako u horizont�ln� polohy
\end{itemize}

\bf Triak \rm
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (d�lka 30 mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \htriac{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, polohu ��d�c� elektrody A,B,C,D viz obr.~\ref{triac} \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� typu) \\
\item vertik�ln� poloha  (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vtriac{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametry p1 p2 p3
maj� stejn� v�znam jako u horizont�ln� polohy
\end{itemize}


\clearpage

\bf Tyristor \rm
\begin{itemize}
\item horizont�ln� poloha   (d�lka 30 mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \hthyristor{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu katody L = vlevo, R = vpravo \\
p2 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu
��d�c� elektrody (A,B,C,D) viz obr.~\ref{triac} \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� sou�.) \\
p4 je text (ozna�en� typu sou�.) \\
\item vertik�ln� poloha  (v��ka 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \vthyristor{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu katody U = nahoru, D = dol� \\
ostatn� parametry maj� stejn� v�znam jako u horizont�ln� polohy
\item diagon�ln�ln� poloha  (uhlop���ka 30mm x 30mm)
   \begin{verbatim}
      \dthyristor{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}{p5}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je v�b�r diagon�ly D = vpravo dol�, U = vpravo nahoru, p2,
p2 je poloha katody D = dol�, U = nahoru\\
p3 je k�d polohy ��d�c� elektrody (A,B,C,D) viz obr.~\ref{triac} \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� sou�.) \\
p4 je text  (typ sou�.) \\
\end {itemize}





\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(90,100)(0,0)
\put(0,15){\hthyristor{L}{A}{}{}}
\put(0,15){\node}
\put(0,0){\makebox{p2 = A}}
\put(50,15){\hthyristor{L}{B}{}{}}
\put(50,15){\node}
\put(50,0){\makebox{p2 = B}}
\put(0,40){\hthyristor{L}{C}{}{}}
\put(0,40){\node}
\put(0,30){\makebox{p2 = C}}
\put(60,40){\hthyristor{L}{D}{}{}}
\put(60,40){\node}
\put(60,30){\makebox{p2 = D}}
\put(0,70){\dthyristor{D}{U}{A}{}{}}
\put(0,70){\node}
\put(5,70){\makebox{p3 = A}}
\put(50,70){\dthyristor{D}{U}{B}{}{}}
\put(50,70){\node}
\put(55,70){\makebox{p3 = B}}
\put(0,100){\dthyristor{D}{U}{C}{}{}}
\put(0,100){\node}
\put(5,100){\makebox{p3 = C}}
\put(50,100){\dthyristor{D}{U}{D}{}{}}
\put(50,100){\node}
\put(55,100){\makebox{p3 = D}}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Polohy ��d�c� elektrody - triaky a tyristory}
\label{triac}
\end{figure}

\clearpage


\bf Opto�len \rm (d�lka 30 mm) \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \opto{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu tranzistoru L = vlevo, R = vpravo \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� sou�.) \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� typu sou�.) \\

\bf Opera�n� zesilova� \rm (d�lka 30 mm) \\
   \begin{verbatim}
      \opamp{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu v�stupu L = vlevo, R = vpravo \\
p2 je poloha invertuj�c�ho vstupu D = dole, U = naho�e \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� sou�.) \\

\bf Tranzistory \rm (kruh pr�m�r 10 mm) \\
\begin{itemize}
 \item bipol�rn� tranzistory
   \begin{verbatim}
      \bipolar{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}{p5}
    \end{verbatim}
parametr p1 je k�d, ozna�uje typ vodivosti N (jako NPN), P (jako PNP) \\
p2 je k�d, ur�uje orientaci dvojice emitor-kolektor (svisle
L = vlevo, R = vpravo) nebo (vodorovn� U = naho�e, D = dole)  \\
p3 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu emitoru vzhledem ke kolektoru, U = naho�e,
D = dole, L = vlevo, R = vpravo (logicky dle parametru p2) \\
p4 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p5 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\

\clearpage

 \item MOS tranzistory
   \begin{verbatim}
      \mos{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}{p5}{p6}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je k�d, ozna�uje pracovn� re�im tranzistoru, E = obohacen�
typ (enhancement), D = ochuzen� typ (depletion) \\
p2 je k�d, ozna�uje typ kan�lu N, P \\
p3 je k�d, ur�uje orientaci dvojice emitor-kolektor (svisle
L = vlevo, R = vpravo) nebo (vodorovn� U = naho�e, D = dole)  \\
p4 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu emitoru vzhledem ke kolektoru, U = naho�e,
D = dole, L = vlevo, R = vpravo (logicky dle parametru p2) \\
p5 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p6 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
\item JFET tranzistory
   \begin{verbatim}
      \jfet{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}{p5}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je k�d, ozna�uje typ vodivosti kan�lu N, P \\
p2 je k�d, ur�uje orientaci dvojice emitor-kolektor (svisle
L = vlevo, R = vpravo) nebo (vodorovn� U = naho�e, D = dole)  \\
p3 je k�d, ozna�uje polohu emitoru vzhledem ke kolektoru, U = naho�e,
D = dole, L = vlevo, R = vpravo (logicky dle parametru p2) \\
p4 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p5 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
\end{itemize}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,50)(0,0)
\put(0,20){\bipolar{N}{R}{D}{}{}}
\put(0,20){\node}
\put(60,0){\jfet{P}{U}{L}{}{}}
\put(60,0){\node}
\put(40,50){\mos{E}{N}{D}{R}{}{}}
\put(40,50){\node}
\put(90,40){\mos{D}{N}{L}{D}{}{}}
\put(90,40){\node}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Tranzistory}
\label{tran}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,60)(0,0)
\put(10,0){\opto{R}{}{}}
\put(10,0){\node}
\put(70,20){\opamp{L}{D}{}}
\put(70,20){\node}
\put(0,50){\hvarrez{$R_{4}$}{5k$\Omega$}{-$\vartheta$}}
\put(0,50){\node}
\put(90,30){\vvarrez{$R_{5}$}{5k$\Omega$}{U}}
\put(90,30){\node}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Ostatn� polovodi�e}
\label{pol}
\end{figure}

\clearpage

\section{Z�kladn� logick� obvody.}
\begin{itemize}
 \item hradla
   \begin{verbatim}
      \logic{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}{p5}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je k�d, ��slo ud�vaj�c� po�et vstup� 1 a� 8 \\
p2 je k�d, zda je v�stup negovan� N nebo p��m� (bez parametru) \\
p3 je text, bl��e ozna�uje typ hradla spec.zna�kou (nap�. pro sou�inov�
v�konov� hradlo \&$>$)  \\
p4 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p5 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item klopn� obvod typu D
   \begin{verbatim}
      \dflip{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item klopn� obvod typu JK
   \begin{verbatim}
      \jkflip{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item bin�rn� dekod�r
   \begin{verbatim}
      \bdecoder{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je �islo 10 nebo 16 ozna�uj�c� po�et v�stup� \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\

\clearpage

 \item multiplexor
   \begin{verbatim}
      \mpx{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je �islo 8 nebo 16 ozna�uj�c� po�et vstup� \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item asynchronn� ��ta�
   \begin{verbatim}
      \counter{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je �islo 10 nebo 16 ozna�uj�c� dekadick� �i bin�rn� ��ta� \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item vratn� ��ta� s p�edvolbou
   \begin{verbatim}
      \rcounter{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je �islo 10 nebo 16 ozna�uj�c� dekadick� �i bin�rn� ��ta� \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item posuvn� registr
   \begin{verbatim}
      \shregister{p1}{p2}{p3}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je �islo 5 nebo 8 ozna�uj�c� typ registru (po�et bit�) \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
\end{itemize}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,100)(0,0)
\put(0,10){\logic{2}{N}{\&$>$}{}{}}
\put(0,10){\node}
\put(70,0){\dflip{}{}}
\put(70,0){\node}
\put(30,0){\bdecoder{10}{}{}}
\put(30,0){\node}
\put(10,50){\counter{16}{}}
\put(10,50){\node}
\put(50,50){\shregister{5}{}{}}
\put(50,50){\node}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Logick� obvody}
\label{log}
\end{figure}

\clearpage

\section{Elektronky.}
\begin{itemize}
 \item dioda
   \begin{verbatim}
      \diode{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item trioda
   \begin{verbatim}
      \triode{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item pentoda
   \begin{verbatim}
      \pentode{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item heptoda
   \begin{verbatim}
      \heptode{p1}{p2}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p2 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
 \item obrazovka
   \begin{verbatim}
      \tube{p1}{p2}{p3}{p4}
    \end{verbatim}
p1 je typ obrazovky E = elektrostatick�, M = magmetick� \\
p2 je orientace sou��stky R = vpravo, L = vlevo \\
p3 je text (ozna�en� sou��stky) \\
p4 je text (ozna�en� typy sou��stky) \\
\end{itemize}

\clearpage

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,60)(0,0)
\put(5,10){\tube{M}{R}{}{}}
\put(5,10){\node}
\put(95,10){\tube{E}{L}{}{}}
\put(95,10){\node}
\put(10,50){\diode{}{}}
\put(10,50){\node}
\put(30,30){\triode{}{}}
\put(30,30){\node}
\put(50,30){\pentode{}{}}
\put(50,30){\node}
\put(80,30){\heptode{}{}}
\put(80,30){\node}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Elektronky}
\label{ele}
\end{figure}

\section{Blokov� zna�ky.}
\begin{itemize}
\item funk�n� blok
  \begin{verbatim}
    \block{p1}
  \end{verbatim}
p1 je text (jak�koli zkratka ozna�uj�c� funkci bloku nap�. AM pro
amplitudov� modul�tor) \\
\item gener�tor
  \begin{verbatim}
    \generator{p1}
  \end{verbatim}
p1 je k�d H = vysok� frekvence, L = n�zk� frekvence \\
\item p�evodn�k
  \begin{verbatim}
    \convertor{p1}{p2}
  \end{verbatim}
p1 p2 jsou libovoln� zkratky (nap�. U, I pro p�evod nap�t� na proud) \\
\item filtry  \\
  doln� propust... \verb?\lowpass? \\
  horn� propust... \verb?\highpass? \\
  p�smov� propust. \verb?\bandpass? \\
  p�smov� z�dr�... \verb?\bandstop? \\
\item �tlumov� �l�nek \\
   \begin{verbatim}
    \attenuator{p1}
  \end{verbatim}
p1 je typ �l�nku V= nastaviteln�, bez param.= bez nastaven� \\
\item korektor \\
   \begin{verbatim}
    \corrector{p1}
  \end{verbatim}
p1 je  jak�koli zkratka nap�. A = amplitudov� \\
\item omezova� \\
   \begin{verbatim}
    \limiter{p1}
  \end{verbatim}
p1 je typ B = oboustrann�, H = omezova� vy���ch nap�t�, L = mal�ch
nap�t� \\
\item dal�� zna�ky  \\
  zesilova�........... \verb?\amplifier? \\
  expandor dynamiky... \verb?\expander? \\
  kompresor dynamiky.. \verb?\compresor? \\
  transform�tor....... \verb?\transformer? \\
  telefonn� vidlice... \verb?\hybrid? \\
  vyva�ova�........... \verb?\balanc? \\
\end{itemize}

\clearpage

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,80)(0,0)
\put(10,10){\block{AM}}
\put(10,10){\node}
\put(40,10){\generator{H}}
\put(40,10){\node}
\put(70,10){\convertor{U}{I}}
\put(70,10){\node}
\put(10,30){\lowpass}
\put(10,30){\node}
\put(40,30){\attenuator{}}
\put(40,30){\node}
\put(70,30){\amplifier}
\put(70,30){\node}
\put(10,50){\corrector{A}}
\put(10,50){\node}
\put(40,50){\expander}
\put(40,50){\node}
\put(70,50){\limiter{B}}
\put(70,50){\node}
\put(10,70){\transformer}
\put(10,70){\node}
\put(40,70){\hybrid}
\put(40,70){\node}
\put(70,70){\balanc}
\put(70,70){\node}
\end{picture}
\end{center}
\caption{Blokov� zna�ky}
\label{blok}
\end{figure}


\clearpage

\section{Speci�ln� makra.}
Pro usnadn�n� kreslen� sch�mat je mo�no si z p��kaz� \verb?\eltex?u
vytvo�it sv� vlastn� makra pro �asto se vyskytuj�c� struktury. Zde jsou
standartn� vytvo�eny struktury, kter� mohou b�t vyu�ity po�etn�j��
skupinou u�ivatel�.
\begin{itemize}
\item jednoduch� T �l�nek.....  \verb?\tnet?
\item jednoduch� $\pi$ �l�nek.  \verb?\pinet?
\item p�emost�n� T �l�nek.....  \verb?\tbnet?
\item dvojit� T �l�nek........  \verb?\ttnet?
\item k���ov� �l�nek..........  \verb?\xnet?
\item p���kov� �l�nek.........  \verb?\lnet{p1}? , kde parametr p1 je T pro
strukturu z T �l�nk� a P pro  strukturu z $\pi$ �l�nk�.
\end{itemize}

\clearpage

\section{P��klady.}
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(120,40)(0,0)
%\grid{12}{4}
\put(10,0){\vsourcev {D} {$U_{Z}$} {2 V$\sim$} }
\put(10,30){\hwire{10}}
\put(20,30){\hrez{$R_{1}$}{10k}{0}}
\put(50,30){\hcap{$C$}{5n}{0}{}}
\put(80,30){\hrez{$R_{2}$}{2k}{0}}
\put(115,0){\vind{R}{$L_{2}$}{50mH}{0}}
\put(55,0){\vind{R}{$L_{1}$}{10mH}{0}}
\put(10,0){\hwire{105}}
\put(110,30){\hwire{5}}
\put(60,10){\vcore{10}{I}}
\put(35,15){\cloop{L}{$I_{1}$}}
\put(85,15){\cloop{R}{$I_{2}$}}
\put(55,30){\node}
\put(55,0){\node}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad1}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

P��kazy pro P��klad1
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(120,40)(0,0)
%\grid{12}{4}
\put(10,0){\vsourcev {D} {$U_{Z}$} {2 V$\sim$} }
\put(10,30){\hwire{10}}
\put(20,30){\hrez{$R_{1}$}{10k}{0}}
\put(50,30){\hcap{$C$}{5n}{0}{}}
\put(80,30){\hrez{$R_{2}$}{2k}{0}}
\put(115,0){\vind{R}{$L_{2}$}{50mH}{0}}
\put(55,0){\vind{R}{$L_{1}$}{10mH}{0}}
\put(10,0){\hwire{105}}
\put(110,30){\hwire{5}}
\put(60,10){\vcore{10}{I}}
\put(35,15){\cloop{L}{$I_{1}$}}
\put(85,15){\cloop{R}{$I_{2}$}}
\put(55,30){\node}
\put(55,0){\node}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad1}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{verbatim}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(130,60)(0,0)
%\grid{13}{6}
\put(15,0){\vsourcev{D}{$U_{1}$}{}}
\put(15,30){\hrez{$R_{B}$}{47k}{0}}
\put(45,30){\hmeasure{$\mu A$}}
\put(75,30){\bipolar{N}{R}{D}{}{KC 508}}
\put(70,0){\vmeasure{mV}}
\put(95,50){\hrez{$R_{Z}$}{1k5}{0}}
\put(100,15){\vmeasure{V}}
\put(125,20){\vmeasure{mA}}
\put(125,0){\vsourcev{D}{$U_{2}$}{}}
\put(15,0){\hwire{110}}
\put(100,0){\vwire{15}}
\put(100,45){\vwire{5}}
\put(95,0){\vwire{10}}
\put(70,0){\node}
\put(70,30){\node}
\put(100,0){\node}
\put(100,50){\node}
\put(95,0){\node}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad2}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

P��kazy pro P��klad2
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(130,60)(0,0)
%\grid{13}{6}
\put(15,0){\vsourcev{D}{$U_{1}$}{}}
\put(15,30){\hrez{$R_{B}$}{47k}{0}}
\put(45,30){\hmeasure{$\mu A$}}
\put(75,30){\bipolar{N}{R}{D}{}{KC 508}}
\put(70,0){\vmeasure{mV}}
\put(95,50){\hrez{$R_{Z}$}{1k5}{0}}
\put(100,15){\vmeasure{V}}
\put(125,20){\vmeasure{mA}}
\put(125,0){\vsourcev{D}{$U_{2}$}{}}
\put(15,0){\hwire{110}}
\put(100,0){\vwire{15}}
\put(100,45){\vwire{5}}
\put(95,0){\vwire{10}}
\put(70,0){\node}
\put(70,30){\node}
\put(100,0){\node}
\put(100,50){\node}
\put(95,0){\node}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad2}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{verbatim}


\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,50)(0,0)
%\grid{13}{6}
\unitlength=0.75mm
\small
\put(15,0){\vsourcev{D}{$U_{1}$}{}}
\put(15,30){\hrez{$R_{B}$}{47k}{0}}
\put(45,30){\hmeasure{$\mu A$}}
\put(75,30){\bipolar{N}{R}{D}{}{KC 508}}
\put(70,0){\vmeasure{mV}}
\put(95,50){\hrez{$R_{Z}$}{1k5}{0}}
\put(100,15){\vmeasure{V}}
\put(125,20){\vmeasure{mA}}
\put(125,0){\vsourcev{D}{$U_{2}$}{}}
\put(15,0){\hwire{110}}
\put(100,0){\vwire{15}}
\put(100,45){\vwire{5}}
\put(95,0){\vwire{10}}
\put(70,0){\node}
\put(70,30){\node}
\put(100,0){\node}
\put(100,50){\node}
\put(95,0){\node}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad2}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Tent�� obr�zek zmen�en� o 25 \% volbou \verb?\unitlength=0.75mm? a
\verb?\small?. Tyto je t�eba p�i \uv{lad�n� programu} ps�t a� za p��kaz
\verb?\grid?.  \\
P��kazy pro P��klad3

\begin{verbatim}
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,50)(0,0)
%\grid{13}{6}
\unitlength=0.75mm
\small
\put(15,0){\vsourcev{D}{$U_{1}$}{}}
\put(15,30){\hrez{$R_{B}$}{47k}{0}}
\put(45,30){\hmeasure{$\mu A$}}
\put(75,30){\bipolar{N}{R}{D}{}{KC 508}}
\put(70,0){\vmeasure{mV}}
\put(95,50){\hrez{$R_{Z}$}{1k5}{0}}
\put(100,15){\vmeasure{V}}
\put(125,20){\vmeasure{mA}}
\put(125,0){\vsourcev{D}{$U_{2}$}{}}
\put(15,0){\hwire{110}}
\put(100,0){\vwire{15}}
\put(100,45){\vwire{5}}
\put(95,0){\vwire{10}}
\put(70,0){\node}
\put(70,30){\node}
\put(100,0){\node}
\put(100,50){\node}
\put(95,0){\node}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad3}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{verbatim}

\clearpage

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,40)(0,0)
%\grid{10}{4}
\put(10,0){\vind{R}{$L_{1}$}{}{0}}
\put(20,0){\vind{L}{$L_{2}$}{}{0}}
\put(0,0){\hwire{30}}
\put(0,30){\hwire{10}}
\put(20,30){\hwire{10}}
\put(10,0){\node}
\put(20,0){\node}
\put(12,22){\simb{1}}
\put(18,22){\simb{1}}
\put(12,24){\makebox(6,6){M}}
\put(0,20){\varrow{D}{$U_{1}$}}
\put(25,20){\varrow{D}{$U_{2}$}}
\put(0,35){\harrow{R}{$I_{1}$}}
\put(30,35){\harrow{L}{$I_{2}$}}
\put(30,0){\makebox(6,6){a)}}
%%%
\put(40,30){\hind{U}{}{}{0}}
\put(50,20){\makebox(10,6){$L_{1}-M$}}
\put(70,30){\hind{U}{}{}{0}}
\put(80,20){\makebox(10,6){$L_{2}-M$}}
\put(70,0){\vind{L}{}{}{0}}
\put(70,15){\makebox(10,6){$M$}}
\put(40,0){\hwire{60}}
\put(70,0){\node}
\put(70,30){\node}
\put(90,0){\makebox(6,6){b)}}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad4}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

P��kazy pro P��klad4
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,40)(0,0)
%\grid{10}{4}
\put(10,0){\vind{R}{$L_{1}$}{}{0}}
\put(20,0){\vind{L}{$L_{2}$}{}{0}}
\put(0,0){\hwire{30}}
\put(0,30){\hwire{10}}
\put(20,30){\hwire{10}}
\put(10,0){\node}
\put(20,0){\node}
\put(12,22){\simb{1}}
\put(18,22){\simb{1}}
\put(12,24){\makebox(6,6){M}}
\put(0,20){\varrow{D}{$U_{1}$}}
\put(25,20){\varrow{D}{$U_{2}$}}
\put(0,35){\harrow{R}{$I_{1}$}}
\put(30,35){\harrow{L}{$I_{2}$}}
\put(30,0){\makebox(6,6){a)}}
%%%
\put(40,30){\hind{U}{}{}{0}}
\put(50,20){\makebox(10,6){$L_{1}-M$}}
\put(70,30){\hind{U}{}{}{0}}
\put(80,20){\makebox(10,6){$L_{2}-M$}}
\put(70,0){\vind{L}{}{}{0}}
\put(70,15){\makebox(10,6){$M$}}
\put(40,0){\hwire{60}}
\put(70,0){\node}
\put(70,30){\node}
\put(90,0){\makebox(6,6){b)}}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad4}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{verbatim}

\clearpage

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,100)(0,0)
%\grid{10}{10}
\put(20,0){\vcap{}{}{0}{}}
\put(5,15){\vlabel{C}{M1}}
\put(20,30){\vrez{}{}{0}}
\put(5,45){\vlabel{$R_{1}$}{1k5}}
\put(20,60){\vrez{}{}{6}}
\put(0,75){\vlabel{$R_{2}$}{M1}}
\put(20,30){\hdiac{}{}}
\put(35,20){\vlabel{D}{KR 207}}
\put(55,25){\vthyristor{D}{A}{Ty}{KT 501}}
\put(0,0){\hwire{55}}
\put(55,0){\vwire{25}}
\put(55,85){\vwire{5}}
\put(0,90){\hwire{55}}
\put(55,55){\vrez{}{}{0}}
\put(60,75){\vlabel{$R_{Z}$}{}}
\put(20,0){\node}
\put(20,30){\node}
\put(20,90){\node}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad5}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Pokud nevyhovuj� p�eddefinovan� pozice pro popis sou��stek je mo�no
vyu��t p��kazy \verb?\vlabel \hlabel? nebo p��mo latexovsk� p��kaz
\verb?\makebox?.    \\
P��kazy pro P��klad5

\begin{verbatim}
\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\begin{picture}(100,100)(0,0)
%\grid{10}{10}
\put(20,0){\vcap{}{}{0}{}}
\put(5,15){\vlabel{C}{M1}}
\put(20,30){\vrez{}{}{0}}
\put(5,45){\vlabel{$R_{1}$}{1k5}}
\put(20,60){\vrez{}{}{6}}
\put(0,75){\vlabel{$R_{2}$}{M1}}
\put(20,30){\hdiac{}{}}
\put(35,20){\vlabel{D}{KR 207}}
\put(55,25){\vthyristor{D}{A}{Ty}{KT 501}}
\put(0,0){\hwire{55}}
\put(55,0){\vwire{25}}
\put(55,85){\vwire{5}}
\put(0,90){\hwire{55}}
\put(55,55){\vrez{}{}{0}}
\put(60,75){\vlabel{$R_{Z}$}{}}
\put(20,0){\node}
\put(20,30){\node}
\put(20,90){\node}
\end{picture}
\caption{P��klad5}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{verbatim}


\end{document}
